Question
1. Explain how the various reform movements of the antebellum reform period offered pathways for change for individuals, groups, and society. Be sure to cite specific reform movements, the problems they identified, and their respective programs for change.
2. Describe the debates over slavery in the 1850s that divided the nation and led to the onset of the U.S. Civil War. Be sure to examine the key political, social, and cultural developments regarding slavery in this decade.
3. How did the Radical Republicans come to control the early phase of Reconstruction What happened to the nation and African Americans after they lost this control in the 1870s?
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1. Explain how the various reform movements of the antebellum reform period offered pathways for change for individuals, groups, and society. Be sure to cite specific reform movements, the problems they identified, and their respective programs for change.
The turn of the nineteenth century in the United States was marked by a confluence of political and social streams, which went on to have a long-lasting impact on the underlying principles of the American society. This period, which culminated in the outbreak of the Civil War in 1961, was primarily characterized by the contentious debate surrounding the issue of slavery, its economic implications, and how it related to the understanding of human liberty. Although scholars mostly refer to the abolitionist North when discussing the widespread series of reform movements that had preceded the Civil War, it should be noted that Southern states had been subject to great societal change as well. While it might be true that there was somewhat of a clear divide between the abolitionist North and the slave-depended South, reforms that had taken place before the War had planted the seeds of durable change for the future of entire nation.
Since asserting its position as a respectable world power following a war with Great Britain in 1812, the United States was set on a path of building its national identity through internal restructuring. As is the case with most of American history, religious movements played an important part in the antebellum reform period. Technological advancements and scientific discoveries allowed the nation to pursue a westward expansion of its territory, a notion that was often justified through religious doctrine by many Christian leaders. The enlargement of territory was seen as an opportunity to further spread Christianity and build new churches in the West. This period is sometimes referred to as the Second Great Awakening, a name which signals to a new form of Christian religious revival taking place on American soil (the first one being the Evangelical Restoration of the 1730s). Some historians ascribe many of the antebellum reforms to…
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